Air pollution has long been a concern in many Southeast Asian countries, and Malaysia is one of them. Thanks to the media, we can also regularly hear and update ourselves on the issue. From smog to haze or vehicle emissions, these are some that we usually experience here. We may wonder what exactly triggers them to happen, right? Therefore, today, we will dig into some of the causes for air pollution to happen on our environment.
What is Air Pollution?
There are many causes of air pollution on our environment, but first, let us get to know a little bit about “air pollution”. In short, air pollution is a physical, biological, or chemical change to the air in the atmosphere. When toxic gases, dust, or smoke enter the atmosphere, the air becomes polluted. It is a type of pollution that refers to the contamination of the air, regardless of whether it occurs indoors or outdoors.
The Sources
There are various channels via which different types of pollutants can enter the Earth’s atmosphere. However, the prime source actually comes from the human itself. It is known as Anthropogenic sources (human-made). Some examples are; the emissions from refineries, cars, planes, aerosol cans, or even second-hand cigarette smoke.
In addition, there is also another source which we refer to as Natural sources. This source is more likely to occur without human’s direct contact. For instance, smoke from the wildfires or even ash from volcanoes that occur naturally.
Types of Pollutants
Air pollution can be classified into two. Therefore, before heading to the causes of air pollution on the environment, let us get to know the types first. And here are the two types that can be found in our environment:
Visible air pollutants – A visually detectable type of air pollution, as the name implies. And it can be observed by the eyes. For instance, the smog that blankets a city. Or, the haze that blanketed Malaysia in 2019.
Invisible air pollutants – Less noticeable than visible air pollutants, but are more dangerous. Sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides are some examples. These can cause health problems among humans, as well as ruining the environment.
How does Malaysia monitor the air quality?
Did you know, in Malaysia, we use the term Air Pollution Index (API) to define our air quality? Indeed. API is used due to its easy-to-understand value ranges, from good to hazardous. And, instead of using the actual concentration of air contaminants, Malaysia decided to use API to report its air quality. This actually helps the public to understand and monitor the index by themselves. If you are interested for further insight on Air Pollution Index (API), click here.
For quick heads up on the API, do visit the Department of Environment’s (DOE) website, APIMS.
The Causes of Air Pollution on Environment in Malaysia
In Malaysia, particularly, there are various causes of air pollution on the environment. Some of us may directly think of smog and haze as the prime causes. But, there are actually more to it and here are the breakdowns:
1. Fossil Fuel Burning
For instance, vehicles on the road. They are propelled by gasoline and diesel engines that release energy by burning petroleum. Plus, petroleum is from hydrocarbons, so engines do not burn them efficiently. As a result, pollutants emitted by vehicles will create significant pollution, making it one of the main causes for air pollution towards the environment.
2. Agricultural Activities
The most used chemicals in agricultural activities are insecticides, pesticides, and fertilisers. But are we aware of how many hazardous chemicals they can release into the air? And aside from polluting the air, these chemicals will also contribute to water pollution.
3. Landfills Waste
Landfills are sites used to bury or place wastes. As a result, the deposited or buried wastes will produce Methane. Apart from that, electronic waste (E-waste) is also another serious issue in today’s modern world. It involved a variety of unethical practices such as chemical leakage, burning wires, and so forth.
4. Factories and Industries’ Emissions
We can find these manufacturing industries in every corner of the globe. And we believe that no region has escaped their influence. These industries have the potential to produce a substantial amount of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, organic compounds, and chemicals into the air. This, in return, can degrade our air quality.
5. Mining Operations
A process of minerals extractions from under the earth’s surface utilising heavy machinery. Throughout this process, dust and chemicals are released into the air. And as a result, it contributes to significant air pollution.
Causes of Air Pollution on Environment: How to manage?
After all, we shall agree that everyone can contribute in reducing the causes of air pollution on the environment. Every day, millions of people do their hardest to make small adjustments in their lives just to contribute. For example, instead of driving a car, they opt for public transportation. Or, they may even ride a bike instead of travelling in carbon-emitting vehicles. Plus, avoiding the use of aerosol cans, and not smoking cigarettes are also some of the adjustments that people can make these days. But, these adjustments may not be applicable to the industrial sectors or organisations.
So, how can industrial sectors manage the causes of air pollution on the environment? Of course, it may not be easy. However, with proper guidelines, everything is possible. If you’ve made it this far into the article, we believe you’re very well interested in helping Malaysia in its fight against air pollution. With our services, you may also contribute in lessening the risks and causes of air pollution on the environment. Especially if you are in the industrial sectors which might lead the causes to occur.
Causes of Air Pollution on Environment – Why do you need our consultant?
In 2020, there are a total of 3 cases reported for air pollution under section 28(a) (Open Burning) and 22(1) (Black Smoke Emission Greater Than Specified Standard) of Environmental Quality Act, 1974. If your business is likely to be under the DOE’s radar, you might want to consider getting expert advice from a qualified EIA consultant organization.
Velcro Envirotech Sdn Bhd (VETSB) is an independent company offering a workable, manageable, achievable technical solution to various environmental challenges. Our technical team and consultants have more than 20 years of experience in environmental pollution control engineering and waste management.
Past Project: Tanjung Agas Industrial Area, Pekan, Pahang – An essential source of an extensive range of natural habitats and rich in biodiversity. Consider the impact on the existing and nearest sensitive receptors; it gives a significant challenge in controlling its effects on the ecosystems. VETSB undertook a comprehensive environmental study to address the predicted impact and pollution prevention before its commencement. That includes the preparation of Terms of Reference, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for Schedule 1 and 2, and Environmental Monitoring (EM).
Should you have further enquiries, you may contact Cik Haza (017-5004744) to arrange an appointment. For more of our latest news and information, click here.
This article is for public general information purposes only. It is not meant to be used or constructed as advice in any manner.
